It feels like the latter is more specific...
Which one should I use when addressing a high-school student?
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2The same difference as between "ученик" and "студент".– enkryptorNov 20, 2017 at 13:46
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4 Answers
"Ученица" is either a school pupil or an attendee of extra-curriculum studies, e.g. a language course or a subject taught by a private teacher, and "студентка" is a university student only, meaning that the two cannot be interchanged. Therefore, a professor would say "мои студентки", but a school teacher "мои ученицы". Actually, "ученица" is simply anyone whom one trains or explains material to.
Before 1917, there was also the term "институтка", used to refer to students of Russian female high schools.
answered Nov 19, 2017 at 19:23
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3В нынешнем понимании "Институтка" - почти нецензурное слово. :) Nov 20, 2017 at 11:34
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1"студентка" is a high school/university student only - are Russian high schoolers referred to as "students" these days? Nov 20, 2017 at 19:31
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Ученица is a girl who studies at school. Almost all of them are 6-17 years old.
Студентка is a girl/woman who studies in higher education institution. Most of them are 17-22 years old, some are older.
For техникум, both terms are used. Sometimes, students under 18 are called ученики/ученицы, while students 18 or older are called студенты/студентки. But the most common term for an adult who studis neither in school nor in a higher education institution is учащийся/учащаяся. For military courses, a student is called курсант.
Ученица goes to school, студентка goes to university, high school etc.
ученик/ца is anyone who's formally learning/studying something, who's учится, either a theory or a skill
in modern Russian culture addressing a person using terms designating their occupation isn't normally practised (an exception would be addressing a driver of a regular bus or a minibus, the proverbial and the notorious маршрутка, as Водитель!)
thus whether she's a schoolgirl, a student or anyone else, a young woman is normally addressed with Девушка!
if you're her coeval more or less, a very informal and a kind of playful way would be Подруга!
addressing her from a position of a much older person, Девочка! can be used
incidentally and unbeknownst to me the author had earlier already inquired regarding the exact same set of terms
answered Nov 20, 2017 at 13:43
