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There are certain words and phrases that mean satisfied, happy, or otherwise contented

я рад

я доволен

я удовлетворен

In english, "I am happy", that is "being happy" is a state of mind and a state of being, an emotion, can be disconnected from a particular event or set of circumstances.

What word or phrase would closest replicate the meaning of the English word for the emotion of happiness and the phrase "I am happy" .

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Well, it's "я счастлив" (derived from "счастье", happiness), and it's the first thing that Google Translate will suggest you as a translation of "I am happy" by the way.

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    It is not as simple as that, actually. Russian счастлив overlaps with English happy only partially, i.e. it only fits certain contexts but will be way off in others. See context.reverso.net/translation/english-russian/i%27m+happy to get a rough idea. A phrase I'm happy to take a bus can hardly be translated Я счастлив поехать автобусом.
    – tum_
    May 16, 2020 at 8:53
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    @tum_ very true, however question was specifically about emotion of happiness.
    – shabunc ♦
    May 16, 2020 at 8:55
  • Yes, I realised this after I've sent the comment.
    – tum_
    May 16, 2020 at 9:48
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Also, when you are just being very, very, very happy a Russian could say "я на седьмом небе от счастья".

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