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I believe Russian uses ordinal indicators (1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th ... 100th) like this:

1-й
2-й
3-й
4-й
5-й
10-е

What are the rules for assigning the suffix?

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6
  • 1
    There's no general rule. You can find each ordinal number in every dictionary.
    – Yellow Sky
    Sep 14, 2020 at 14:41
  • 1
    Hi and welcome to Russian.SE! I have hard time figuring out your exact question. It looks like your examples are inconsistent: 10-е is plural, the rest are singular masculine. Could you please clarify what exactly are you asking about? How do Russian ordinals decline? Thanks!
    – Quassnoi ♦
    Sep 14, 2020 at 14:55
  • your assumption is wrong, -й stands for masculine, while -e for neuter, so it can be, for instance, десятое or десятый.
    – shabunc ♦
    Sep 14, 2020 at 15:09
  • In fact for all of the ordinals there will be the same suffix: -й for masculine, -я for feminine, and -е both for neuter and plural.
    – artptr
    Sep 14, 2020 at 17:01
  • To choose the correct suffix, you need to know the grammatical gender of the noun that follows the numeral which you can look up in a dictionary. Then use -й for masculine, -я for feminine, -е for neuter or plural. Exception: -и for plural noun and number 3: 3-и сутки.
    – Sergey Slepov
    Sep 15, 2020 at 10:05

1 Answer 1

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2

It depends on the numbered object, especially on grammatical gender and number of this, - like in the inflectional language. By the fact, ordinal numbers are adjectives. So, see the rules for adjective's endings and declinations.

https://www.translate.ru/grammar/ru-es/первый

https://www.translate.ru/grammar/ru-es/второй

https://www.translate.ru/grammar/ru-es/третий

Somebody consider that one last letter is enough ( https://clck.ru/QsBDS ), but , really, you can find often the two letters. : > 1-ый 2-ой 3-ий 4-ый 5-ый 6-ой 7-ой 8-ой 9-ый 10-ый It's for the masculine gender. The feminine gender are 1-ая, and others the same. The neuter gender are 1-ое , etc. .

The last digit in a number only is taken into account. About adj. - Compare "краснЫЙ", f.e.

P.S. Your "1-й" - it's masculine gender. "10-е" - it's neuter gender ( 10-ое neuter gender, if it is singular object, or "десят-ые", 10-ые any gender, if it's a plural something; also one reason for two letters ).

P.P.S. https://youtu.be/r9KlGJ-R5RM :)

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5
  • There are also case forms, like в 5-м пункте 77-го параграфа. A good article: ilyabirman.ru/meanwhile/all/…
    – Yellow Sky
    Sep 16, 2020 at 20:18
  • 1
    1-ый is considered non-standard. Editors will have you skip the vowel of the ending, or the first vowel if there are two.
    – Nikolay Ershov
    Sep 17, 2020 at 17:12
  • Nikolay Ershov. or 10-е. Something becomes incomprehensible (see above) if the object isn't described elsewhere. I don't see the point of it.
    –  Пилум
    Sep 17, 2020 at 17:17
  • Пилум, not only -ый, but also -ое is considered nonstandard, the rule is that there can be either 1 or 2 letters after a numeral, and 2 letters are allowed only if it is a consonant + a vowel letter, two vowel letters in a row are not allowed. Have a look at what gramota.ru says about it: new.gramota.ru/spravka/letters/87-rubric-99
    – Yellow Sky
    Sep 18, 2020 at 15:46
  • Yellow Sky, you can read about this on link above too, but it's no matter. I don't consider this to be incorrect and illiterate just uniquely "because" someone there decided something in the "grammar academy", this alone is not a sufficient reason.
    –  Пилум
    Sep 19, 2020 at 7:12

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