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In Russian there's no such thing like distinguishing between long and short vowels.
The question is - are there, nevertheless, any orthographic rules for representing long vowers in Russian. Does a double short vowel fit into the orthography ?
For instance, in Mongolian long vowels are represented as follows: ɑː <аа>, iː <ии>, uː <уу>, eː <ээ>, oː <оо>
Since Russian doesn't differentiate between long and short vowels, this difference will often be omitted for most foreign words.
Так, средствами русской графики, как правило, не передается различие в долготе и краткости гласных. Действительно, почти никогда не обозначается долгота немецких гласных двойными русскими при их передаче; более того, написания вроде Швериин, Рююген, Бааден, Оодер и т. п., очевидно, вызвали бы по меньшей мере удивление. Однако дело здесь было бы не столько в неправильности принципа передачи долгого гласного языка-подлинника двумя русскими гласными, сколько в новизне и неоправданном усложнении передачи. Source.
Translation:
The Russian orthographic system does not usually render the difference between short and long vowels. In fact, German long vowels are hardly ever transcribed with a double letter in Russian; furthermore, spellings like Швериин, Рююген, Бааден, Оодер etc. would obviously be surprising. However, it wouldn't be for the reason of unacceptability of using a double vowel in Russian to represent a long vowel, but rather it would defy custom and unnecessarily complicate the spelling.
However, double letters are sometimes used in Russian to transcribe long vowels of some languages. One example is Finnish.
для обозначения долгих гласных финского языка употребляются во всех позициях последовательно два русских буквенных знака.
Translation:
Two sequential Russian letters are used to represent long Finnish vowels in all positions
For example:
Aavasaksa=Аавасакса, Koillismaa=Койллисмаа
I think the rule of thumb would be: use a single vowel in Russian regardless of whether the vowel is long or short in the original, unless there is a tradition in Russian orthography of using double vowels for this particular language.
This depends on whether the piece in question create one or two syllables.
If there are two syllables (i.e. vowel hiatus), the vowel should be doubled (note that the second vowel letter should be non-iotized, so no юю, but should be юу or уу).
If there is only one syllable (i.e., long vowel proper), the vowel length should not be indicated.
