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Singular Plural English
адрес адреса address
берег берега shore
бок бока side
буфер буфера buffer
век векa century
вексель векселя promissory note
вечер вечера evening
глаз глаза eye
год года year
голос голоса voice
город города city
директор директора director
доктор доктора doctor
дом дома house
жемчуг жемчуга pearl
инспектор инспекторa inspector
катер катера barge
китель кителя tunic
колокол колокола bell
корпус корпусa body frame
край края edge
кузов кузова open trunk
купол куполa cupola
лагерь лагеря camp
лес леса forest
луг луга hayfield
мастер мастера foreman
мех меха fur
номер номера number
округ округа district
остров острова island
отпуск отпуска vacation
паспорт паспорта passport
повар повара cook
погреб погреба cellar
поезд поезда train
пояс пояса belt
профессор профессора professor
рог рога horn
рукав рукава sleeve
свитер свитера sweater
снег снегa snow
сорт сорта sort
стог стога haystack
сторож сторожа gateman
терем терема tower
том томa tome
тон тона tint
тормоз тормоза brake
учитель учителя teacher
хлеб хлебa cereal
цвет цвета color
шёлк шелка silk
штемпель штемпеля stamp
якорь якоря anchor

3 Answers 3

3

Have a look at this selection from Zalizniak's Grammatical Dictionary of Russian.

2

You already have the answers to your question, but I'd like to expound on them a bit.

Please note that there are a couple of concerns:

  1. Even in the list you provided in your question, there are nouns that either allow two plurals, or are declined with unstressed -ы in the nominative plural, strictly speaking. (For instance, инспектора vs. инспекторы; свитера vs. свитеры). Год is usually годы in the plural, but note: «Мои года — моё богатство», «И в дальний путь на долгие года» (from songs).
  2. Some nouns have two plurals: тон is, as you stated, usually тона (светлые тона, тёплые тона) in reference to colors, but тоны in reference to music (целые тоны; в гамме встречаются тоны и полутоны). The same goes for корпус: it's корпуса in military or building contexts, but корпусы in reference to bodies or compendia of information, see in dictionaries on gramota.ru. So, лидер гонки обогнал своего ближайшего соперника всего на пару кóрпусов, but Этот дом состоит из трёх корпусóв.
  3. The language is evolving towards this change. This can be seen in professional slang contexts, where the number of those nouns is especially notable, like: драйвера instead of normative драйверы for drivers (in computing); this is marginal, but culinary specialists sometimes talk about супá and сокá (soups and juices — note that this is considered strictly incorrect as of April 2022!). Some professional communities go even further, pluralizing feminine nouns the same way: нефтЯ for kinds of oil/petrol, but this is even more incorrect since in normal Russian, feminine nouns don't behave like that. By citing those marginal examples, I just wanted to point out that things are evolving in this direction, and it's always worth checking the latest dictionaries for what's considered the accepted norm in the modern language and what isn't.
2

The following categories on Wiktionary might be of help:

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Russian_nouns_ending_in_a_consonant_with_plural_-%D0%B0

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Russian_nouns_ending_in_-%D1%8C_with_plural_-%D1%8F

https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Category:Russian_nouns_ending_in_-%D0%B9_with_plural_-%D1%8F (even though that's just one word, край)

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