There is so many meanings for Russian idioms with the word выйти
, for example
выйти замуж
выйти в деда/отца
выйти на пенсию
выйти во вред/ущерб
не выйти лицом
выйти по-твоему
...
that it is worth looking into a page where they were collected in block — frazeologiya.ru
Note that a questions may arise about words in past/future tense, participle, and so on, but in the dictionary frazeologiya.ru you should searhing for Infinitive.
An infinitive then can be used again, in the ruscorpora.ru, filling forms, word by word, in the each firsts text filds in the form. The example from OP
В кого он такой пошёл?
should be set as shown below:

Remembering that an order of words in Russian phrase may be changed, it is easily understood that we can try searching
в
кто
выйти
For the word кто
we can add the property accusative that tightens search criteria.
For the verb выйти
there is also a perfective aspect that point out at the start of the act: пойти
.