Questions tagged [история-языка]
Questions on the history of the Russian language, its origin and changes it underwent through the centuries.
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Откуда взялось местоимение «её» и куда пропало «ея»?
Интересно было бы узнать больше об истории и этимологии личных местоимений третьего лица.
Помнится, я где-то читал, что они якобы происходят от слова «оный». Как вы считаете? Может быть, все как ...
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Church Slavonic lettering style
Church Slavonic texts often appear in a particular old style of script. The lettering is related to Glagolitic and Blackletter (Gothic) in its parallel-line construction and dense packing. It does not ...
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Russian term for returning emigres?
What is the Russian term for the emigres who returned to Russia during the Stalin years--and at his invitation? This was during the 1930s, I think, and was a specific term. Thanks!
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Examples of compound words "hidden in plain sight"?
I've known for a while what the word "совсем" means, but only recently did I realize that the meaning stems from the fact that: "совсем = с(о)+всем" (entirely=with everything).
This is probably ...
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When (and, if applicable, where) did ся cease to be a free clitic?
Russian and other East Slavic languages are peculiar, by Slavic standards, in having a fixed post-verbal reflexive particle rather than a free one (or rather, one that tends to follow Wackernagel's ...
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Был ли раньше «приятный аппетит»?
Есть пожелание «Приятного аппетита», но нет словосочетания «приятный аппетит».
Почему так?
Это устаревшее?
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Why do phonetically same Russian and Polish obscenities mean very different things?
Let us compare the meanings of some phonetically same Russian and Polish obscenities:
Заебать (Russian): to get to, to pester. Zajebać (Polish): to beat someone up, to steal something, to brutally ...
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Kamchadalskii dialect
The native people of southern Kamchatka are Itelmen. The arrival of Russian men around 1700 created a mixed group called Kamchadals. By 1800, the Itelmen languages were mostly extinct and the Russian ...
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Why Lomonosov calls Russian language "российский"?
Lomonosov consistently calls Russian language "российский" in his works:
"Российская грамматика"
"Письмо о правилах российского стихотворства"
"Предисловие о пользе книг церковных в российском языке"....
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How to explain two almost opposite meanings of "лихой"
I am puzzled by the fact that while most earlier usage of лихой have distinctly negative connotations (лиходей, лихой человек is most certainly a villain, лихие времена - bad times, лихоимство - deeds ...
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Cathedral, "Кафедральный", why is ф in there?
After reading this article I got curious how ф is in place of "th" in English for the word Cathedral (Кафедральный)? Sounds almost like a coffee-place. (I know it is not Café or Kafee in russian but ...
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Why has the word Жид (Jew) become a taboo in Russian?
As far as I know, it is a neutral word in some Slavic languages, and it was legal in Russian before the Russian Revolution. However, now, it's completely illegal and, thus, Russians utter it only to ...
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Was "Novgorod" in 1815 one city or the other?
This question is not about grammar or syntax, but about historical toponymy.
In 1815 an employee of the Russian-American Company was taken prisoner in Spanish California. An interpreter from a ...
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Was -ю ending in instrumental mandatory in Pushkin's times?
Was -ю ending in instrumental mandatory or overwhelming in Pushkin's times?
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When and how has the word широковещательный obtained its negative connotations?
I've stumbled upon this word in Andrey Bely's (Bugaev's) Символизм как миропонимание (СПб 1994). Even in the early 20th century the word was used negatively referring to 'широковещательность ...
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Why is "миллиард" used instead of "биллион"?
Russia uses the short scale number-naming system.
Why is, then, "миллиард" used instead of "биллион"?
"Миллиард" (as opposed to "биллион") is used in the long scale number-naming system.
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Have technology changes had any effect on the usage of идти vs. ехать (and similar verb pairs)?
I've only been studying Russian for about a year (and slowly at that), so I'm probably misunderstanding a lot.
From what I understand, though, идти and ехать are both unidirectional verbs of motion ...
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What are some Russian shibboleths? [closed]
I just read about shibboleths and I was wondering: what are some Russian shibboleths used today or in the past?
A shibboleth is a phrase (or a custom/tradition) that is used to distinguish between ...
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What is the correct name of the ship, Il'men or Il'mena?
About 1814 the Russian-American Company renamed an old ship, called "Il'men" or "Il'mena" in works written in English. Ильмень is of course a famous lake.
Boris Dralyuk suggested to Susan Morris that ...
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How pleonastic is "эту работу выполним целиком и полностью"?
... до конца года мы эту работу выполним целиком и полностью
... do kontsa goda my etu rabotu vypolnim tselikom i polnost'yu
I understand what this means from closed captions, google translate and a ...
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Colloquial imperative with the particle -ка
This form seems to be very common in modern conversational Russian, e.g.
Пойдём-ка, покурим-ка.
Давайте-ка не будем пороть горячку.
Подожди(те)-ка!
This form also has its more colloquial (and ...
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common-usage term for pre-1861 Russian agriculture system?
When referring in English to the dominant agricultural system in the southern US pre-1865, one typically says something like "plantation slavery," and reasonably-educated people "know what you're ...
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What is the etymology of чашка? Какова этимология слова "чашка"?
Does it have anything in common with Sanskrit चषक (casaaka) = bowl, glass, cup, wine, liquour? Please avoid elliptic definitions like 'it is a diminutive from 'чаша'.
Есть ли у слова что-либо общее с ...
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What is the origin and meanining of -ка in these words/Какова этимология и смысл -ка в этих словах?
Рассмотрим такие слова как ласка, тоска, доска, миска, полоска, колбаска, опаска, ряска. Морфемно-орфографический словарь выдает следующее разделение (в скобках - информация по Фасмеру):
ласк.а (...
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What is the origin of Russian suffix -шк-?
What is the origin of diminitive suffix -шк- for personal names (like Антошка, Машка, Мишка, Ивашка)?
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When was the expression "фунт презрения" introduced?
I am wondering when the expression фунт презрения was introduced. On Google Books, the oldest occurrence of фунт презрения seems to be in Slezkin's Козел в огороде (1923):
Но только в силу моего ...
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Mainland Russia as seen from Kamchatka circa 1800
Kamchatka is a peninsula, but overland access is so difficult that it also resembles an island. The road and rail networks of Siberia are a long sea or air voyage away.
Around the year 1800, how ...
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Old orthography grave accent vs acute accent in words like какъ, такъ, что, то, чѣмъ
I noticed in old russian bibles, the words чѣ’мъ (іудіѳь 8:26), именны’мъ (2-ая ездры) have an acute accent (ó) instead of a grave accent (ò), since if a stressed syllable is at the end of a word, a ...
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Recent Russian language changes
What are the most significant changes in Russian language in 20th-21st centuries other than orthography rules and lexicon?
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Why рукопожатный?/ Почему говорится "рукопожатный"?
The word itself is like a standard p.pt., except that such words can be in Russian either т- or н-ending. How come that рукопожатен has both affixes?
Само слово похоже на обычное причастие прошедшего ...
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Why is this Russian expression an idiomatic example of mutually exclusive things?
The Russian idiom "и рыбку съесть, и на хуй сесть", whose literal meaning is "to eat fish and sit down onto a dick too," is an idiomatic way to say that your interlocutor is ...
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Old orthography всѣ, все, всё and издалека vs издалёка
It's redundant to write the two dots above the е in the word все in old orthography (because when it isnt a ё sound, ѣ is written), so why do some old russian bibles do it still? Some places they ...
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Are there any patterns for loanwords phonetics in Russian which are specific for a source language?
В (древне)русском языке есть (был) набор специфических фонем. В языках, из которых осуществлялись заимствования, тоже был набор специфических фонем. Вопрос: могли ли одни и те же звуки (древне)...
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Origin of Валюта
I am curios about Валюта meaning currency. What is the origin of the word? Does it come from greek or latin or somewhere else?
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Is my understanding of the surname suffix -ов correct?
I have two questions about the suffix -ов in Russian surnames.
Is the -ов surname suffix the most common one in Russia?
Does the -ов surname suffix in modern Russian mean "a descendant of the ...
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When did the к/ч consonant alteration appear in Russian? Когда в русском языке впервые появилось чередование к/ч?
In words like век - вечный, урок - урочный, доска - досочка or миска - мисочка. Can this be a result of Uralic influence?
В словах наподобие век - вечный, урок - урочный, доска - досочка или миска - ...
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Is there an ancient language related to Russian that can be easily studied? [closed]
I am a native American English speaker. To improve my SAT verbal score, I studied Latin. Is there an analogous ancient language for Russian?
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From where does "это" come?
Sorry if this is not exactly about Russian language, but I do not know where else to ask.
What is the origin of word "это" in Russian language? Is it some kind of a combination of "je co"/"jest to" ...
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The history of which case to follow after a number in the nominative case
In the nominative case, if we are counting something of size that ends with 1 (literally in Russian), then the object being counted is in the genitive singular case, e.g., тридцать один час. if we ...
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Why did the meaning of the loanword креол change?
The term креол was adopted in Russian a couple of centuries back. Just possibly, it was introduced by Nikolai Rezanov after he visited Brazil and California. The term's origin is described as the ...
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[о]>[у] в "господарь">"государь" — единичный случай?
Известны ли, помимо господарь>государь, еще случаи (до распространения аканья, разумеется), когда [о] сужалось в [у]? Может быть, также связанные с выпадением согласного?
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Had any Spanish words been established in Russian by 1800? [closed]
I started wondering about long-established loanwords from the Spanish language. It's easy to find some lists of same, but not with dates of attribution. Here's a great list from Wiktionary.
Had any ...
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Lomonosov's three literary styles [closed]
According to Serhii Plokhy's Lost Kingdom, at a time of linguistic-nationalist tension, Mikhail Lomonosov prescriptively defined three styles:
the high style, to be used for the composition of ...
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Russian words with negative connotation substituted by english ones [closed]
I'm looking for russian words that throughout the course of history acquired a negative connotation, because they were linked, for exemple,to the politics of Soviet Unione, and during the last years ...
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Was the genitive case of personal pronouns ever used to show possession?
For example, nowadays, one might say Собака женщины - большая, but not Собака меня - большая(cf. When should I use genitive personal pronouns versus possessive pronouns?).
Was it ever historically ...
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Origin of Валюта
I am curios about Валюта meaning currency. What is the origin of the word? Does it come from greek or latin or somewhere else?
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к/ц becoming к/ч in Russian: chronology and reasons? Чередование к/ц и его переход в к/ч в русском: хронология и причины?
Читаем Иванова, "Историческая грамматика русского языка": "...в древнерусском языке противопоставление [ц'] и [ч'] на стыке корневой и флективной морфем могло иметь такой характер, что при помощи ...
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Использование слова "один" до 1910-ых годов
Как можно видеть из графика в Google Ngram Viewer, все числительные использовались с примерно постоянной частотой с 1800 года. Но слово один до 1910 года практически не встречается в литературе. В то ...
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Why do so many Russian words sound similar to the ones in English and Sanskrit? [closed]
I have been trying to learn Russian and have come across many words that sound very similar to English words. This is particularly surprising because, unlike other European languages (which would ...
